YouTube and Cloud computing
Youtube is using cloud as their platform. However, they limit access to some newly-released videos when there are too many requests coming concurrently. This can happen for days.
My questions:
What is the real situation (how many requests that need to be submitted for Youtube to start limiting access, hence the limit of cloud computing's capacity) ?
Are there any reasons why Youtube is not working on it, or if they are trying to fix that, what are stopping them from achieving any results so far?
February 8, 2010
Meeting 5
Meeting 5 Windows vs. Linux, Virtualization and Cloud Computing
For E-learning week: We may use qik.com --> applet to streamline the video on your handphone
1. Virtualization and the benefits
Using a software to simulate an environment exactly similar to a piece of hardware, above which we can have OS and apps. You can run multiple OS concurrently. You can chose how much resources to allocate to each of the virtual machine.
But v-tion is not new. It started in 1960s with IBM: "Hypervisor" (KVM (Kernel Virtualization Module), Xen), which enables you to do v-tion. In the future it will become a default feature of all hardware.
Advantage: you can have the right set of tools to solve whatever problem you have
For me, I think it will tremendously raise efficiency.
Disadvantage:
Guest50636:microsoft virtual pc need over 4gb of ram in order to run smooth
Live migration: if your original hardware breaks down, you can migrate your virtualized machine to another piece of hardware. Hence, the uptime is increased. The time needed to migrate is 150miliseconds.
Virtualization will make old systems disappear (Dell, HP). iPad is the future way of computing :D
Virtual machine manger
Five nines uptime: 365 days = 31536000 seconds, 99.999% of which is uptime. So how much downtime can we afford with this standard?
(I check Wiki and it's 5m16sec; it maybe wrong because someone in the class came up with 8.76 hours a year)
Telephone network runs on batteries, so that the landline doesn't go out when there is a power cut.
Question: can we improve to six nines, seven nines? How much downtime can we afford?
2. Cloud Computing - what is that all about?
The environment that enables you to run your virtual machine on any piece of hardware within the pool.
Advantage: Edventure is not run on virtualization, because they have to shut down for maintenance. Same for e-banking with DBS, UOB, POSB!!! had they used cloud computing
Acronyms: (discuss their definitions: blurred +_+)
SaaS: software as a service:Is the pdworks a SaaS? What about Google Doc?
IaaS : infrastructure as a service
PaaS: platform as a service: paypal (1 place to buy, 1 place to
Story of Amazon: they built a cloud infrastructure and then sell the excess capacity under the name of EC2 (elastic compute cloud). When system is overload, you can automatically use EC2 to ensure your uptime without having to build another set of infrastructure --> computation on demand. You have your stuffs automatically backed up because it does not cost them more.
Excerpt from website on pricing: Pricing is per instance-hour consumed for each instance type, from the time an instance is launched until it is terminated. Each partial instance-hour consumed will be billed as a full hour. --> reduce fixed cost as well as variable cost!
Other cloud providers: http://www.gogrid.com/, Google, http://www.alatum.com.sg/
You can mix and match to serve your needs, but migrating between different SPs may not be possible yet.
Interests for projects:
Open standards - open source space
Example 1: Singapore government's websites - you can't log in if you are not using IE or Netscape - Govt should not dictate how I access their service.
Check out External Resources.
For E-learning week: We may use qik.com --> applet to streamline the video on your handphone
1. Virtualization and the benefits
Using a software to simulate an environment exactly similar to a piece of hardware, above which we can have OS and apps. You can run multiple OS concurrently. You can chose how much resources to allocate to each of the virtual machine.
But v-tion is not new. It started in 1960s with IBM: "Hypervisor" (KVM (Kernel Virtualization Module), Xen), which enables you to do v-tion. In the future it will become a default feature of all hardware.
Advantage: you can have the right set of tools to solve whatever problem you have
For me, I think it will tremendously raise efficiency.
Disadvantage:
Guest50636:microsoft virtual pc need over 4gb of ram in order to run smooth
Live migration: if your original hardware breaks down, you can migrate your virtualized machine to another piece of hardware. Hence, the uptime is increased. The time needed to migrate is 150miliseconds.
Virtualization will make old systems disappear (Dell, HP). iPad is the future way of computing :D
Virtual machine manger
Five nines uptime: 365 days = 31536000 seconds, 99.999% of which is uptime. So how much downtime can we afford with this standard?
(I check Wiki and it's 5m16sec; it maybe wrong because someone in the class came up with 8.76 hours a year)
Telephone network runs on batteries, so that the landline doesn't go out when there is a power cut.
Question: can we improve to six nines, seven nines? How much downtime can we afford?
2. Cloud Computing - what is that all about?
The environment that enables you to run your virtual machine on any piece of hardware within the pool.
Advantage: Edventure is not run on virtualization, because they have to shut down for maintenance. Same for e-banking with DBS, UOB, POSB!!! had they used cloud computing
Acronyms: (discuss their definitions: blurred +_+)
SaaS: software as a service:Is the pdworks a SaaS? What about Google Doc?
IaaS : infrastructure as a service
PaaS: platform as a service: paypal (1 place to buy, 1 place to
Story of Amazon: they built a cloud infrastructure and then sell the excess capacity under the name of EC2 (elastic compute cloud). When system is overload, you can automatically use EC2 to ensure your uptime without having to build another set of infrastructure --> computation on demand. You have your stuffs automatically backed up because it does not cost them more.
Excerpt from website on pricing: Pricing is per instance-hour consumed for each instance type, from the time an instance is launched until it is terminated. Each partial instance-hour consumed will be billed as a full hour. --> reduce fixed cost as well as variable cost!
Other cloud providers: http://www.gogrid.com/, Google, http://www.alatum.com.sg/
You can mix and match to serve your needs, but migrating between different SPs may not be possible yet.
Interests for projects:
Open standards - open source space
Example 1: Singapore government's websites - you can't log in if you are not using IE or Netscape - Govt should not dictate how I access their service.
Check out External Resources.
February 1, 2010
"Study Tips" wiki for cpe802.pbwiki.com
NO QUIZ!!!
The quiz for this course falls on 16th March 2010, after the recess week and also after I hand in my FYP. Yay!
The general instruction has been posted by Professor:
Quiz:
http://cpe802tips.pbworks.com/
The quiz for this course falls on 16th March 2010, after the recess week and also after I hand in my FYP. Yay!
The general instruction has been posted by Professor:
Quiz:
- 4 questions
- long hand answers
Topics:
- Philosophy of free and open source;
- Understanding of PGP/GPG and how it works
- FUD and related issues
http://cpe802tips.pbworks.com/
Meeting 4: OS Economic Model & Licensing
There was no Meeting 3 because our Professor went to KL to speak at a conference.
PART I
Books - the oldest form of open source material
-You can borrow books from library
-Problem: how do you improve the books?
-Permission department? - How do you ensure you get permitted to use the
book's materials/How long would the permission last...?
-You do get money from book publishing
Creative Commons to the rescue
(work through example at http://creativecommons.org/choose/ )
With a Creative Commons license, you keep your copyright but allow people to copy and distribute your work provided they give you credit — and only on the conditions you specify here. (Source: http://creativecommons.org/choose/)
-Grant permission to published materials
-Make sure that people can share
-Copyright holder's permission can override CC license
-Language translation is covered
-This is the license you get
- You share your improved version of the material with the original author
Moore's Law - a powerful observation
-Every 18 months, technology doubles its capacity at half the price
-Proven again and again over the last 40 years (since 1960)
-Not applicable for proprietary software
OSS - unlimited possibilities
-Change the dynamics of entrepreneurship, where the whole community of OSS is your workforce
-OSS is communism? - NOT true.
Open Standard - utmost optimality
-Don't confuse with OSS, but they have a great deal of common features.
-Problem with proprietary of entire chain of products (Eg.: handphone, handphone charger, cable): low efficiency. HTC is the only phone with USB charger.
-You can use it anywhere, with anything, and build any stuff around it!
Six principles of OS:
-Spring Singapore: manage all open standards in Singapore (ISO for international). The only problem is you have to pay X dollars to get the standard. Still, accessibility is secured.
-Maximize end-user choice
Example of breaking the principle: Turkey - EU - energy-efficient light bulbs - only from the daughter of the ministry :D
-NO royalties. Why?
allow you to start using without having to be cash-rich
allow you to forget about worries that royalties will increase when you are successful using the standards
-NO discrimination
Eg.: IDA if I am a tourist using ap hone from my country, do I need to get permission to use the network in Singapore? - No logical manner, despite technical reasonableness.
-Extension or Subset
"My plug emits indicating light and a nice smell!!!" -> this cannot become a standard.
-Predatory practices
Microsoft and Sunmicro System (bought by Oracle) - Java (1995-96) - Microsoft licensed Java to run on Windows - Tweaks that prevents standard java to run to control what can run on Windows
PART II
-De facto = "by [the] fact". In law, it is meant to mean "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but without being officially established"
-De jure = "concerning the law" when referring to matters of law, governance, or technique (such as standards) that are found in the common experience as created or developed without or contrary to a regulation. When discussing a legal situation, de jure designates what the law says, while de facto designates action of what happens in practice.
(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_facto)
-Proprietary Standards: have to open .doc with Microsoft Office
Eg.: EU - Microsoft - publish how they save documents in Microsoft Windows - able to read documents many years from now
Open standard - the only solution
-Not limited to software
Example: hardware (http://arduino.org/)
Question: LTA - we are going to drive on the other side of the road from tomorrow!
Problem: Rearrange the steering wheel - road - signs
Most accidents happen at the tunnel connecting UK and France, where people have to switch to the opposite side of the road.
Question: Plagiarism - how do we ensure students are not plagiarising
Solution: Blog whatever you do / Algorithms to check authenticity. The techniques are getting better by the day but our university is lagging behind so we are stuck with the exam.
No discrimination against fields of endeavor: you can use the source code in any business as deemed possible
Question: what if you use it for illegal purpose? who will be responsible?
Copyright law: automatically recognized.
You can also claim it outright with CC - No attribution - No Derivative
Are you protected in Singapore? - Yes, specified in Copyright Act.
Open source licenses
- 99.9& are the same, but due to legal issues we have a long list
-General Public License (GPL): A gives B a piece of software. B modifies the software can keep it to himself (B may inform A but not necessary). But the moment B gives it to C, he has to reveal the whole software he inherits from A plus his modification. B can charge C. B can put the source code on a will. BUT nobody can change the GPL code except the original author. It will be there forever.
Forking the code.
-Question: if A incorporate B's modification into his original GPL, who does the source code belong to?
-Slightly modified version of GPL: BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution - Advertisement license): B does not have to show C the modifications B has made. B still has to tell C where it comes from (A). BUT all good ideas are lost along the way of sharing.
The business aspect of open source project
Lecture slide: http://cpe802.pbwiki.com/f/cpe802-mtg4.pdfPART I
Books - the oldest form of open source material
-You can borrow books from library
-Problem: how do you improve the books?
-Permission department? - How do you ensure you get permitted to use the
book's materials/How long would the permission last...?
-You do get money from book publishing
Creative Commons to the rescue
(work through example at http://creativecommons.org/choose/ )
With a Creative Commons license, you keep your copyright but allow people to copy and distribute your work provided they give you credit — and only on the conditions you specify here. (Source: http://creativecommons.org/choose/)
-Grant permission to published materials
-Make sure that people can share
-Copyright holder's permission can override CC license
-Language translation is covered
-This is the license you get
- You share your improved version of the material with the original author
Moore's Law - a powerful observation
-Every 18 months, technology doubles its capacity at half the price
-Proven again and again over the last 40 years (since 1960)
-Not applicable for proprietary software
OSS - unlimited possibilities
-Change the dynamics of entrepreneurship, where the whole community of OSS is your workforce
-OSS is communism? - NOT true.
Open Standard - utmost optimality
-Don't confuse with OSS, but they have a great deal of common features.
-Problem with proprietary of entire chain of products (Eg.: handphone, handphone charger, cable): low efficiency. HTC is the only phone with USB charger.
-You can use it anywhere, with anything, and build any stuff around it!
Six principles of OS:
-Spring Singapore: manage all open standards in Singapore (ISO for international). The only problem is you have to pay X dollars to get the standard. Still, accessibility is secured.
-Maximize end-user choice
Example of breaking the principle: Turkey - EU - energy-efficient light bulbs - only from the daughter of the ministry :D
-NO royalties. Why?
allow you to start using without having to be cash-rich
allow you to forget about worries that royalties will increase when you are successful using the standards
-NO discrimination
Eg.: IDA if I am a tourist using ap hone from my country, do I need to get permission to use the network in Singapore? - No logical manner, despite technical reasonableness.
-Extension or Subset
"My plug emits indicating light and a nice smell!!!" -> this cannot become a standard.
-Predatory practices
Microsoft and Sunmicro System (bought by Oracle) - Java (1995-96) - Microsoft licensed Java to run on Windows - Tweaks that prevents standard java to run to control what can run on Windows
PART II
-De facto = "by [the] fact". In law, it is meant to mean "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but without being officially established"
-De jure = "concerning the law" when referring to matters of law, governance, or technique (such as standards) that are found in the common experience as created or developed without or contrary to a regulation. When discussing a legal situation, de jure designates what the law says, while de facto designates action of what happens in practice.
(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_facto)
-Proprietary Standards: have to open .doc with Microsoft Office
Eg.: EU - Microsoft - publish how they save documents in Microsoft Windows - able to read documents many years from now
Open standard - the only solution
-Not limited to software
Example: hardware (http://arduino.org/)
Question: LTA - we are going to drive on the other side of the road from tomorrow!
Problem: Rearrange the steering wheel - road - signs
Most accidents happen at the tunnel connecting UK and France, where people have to switch to the opposite side of the road.
Question: Plagiarism - how do we ensure students are not plagiarising
Solution: Blog whatever you do / Algorithms to check authenticity. The techniques are getting better by the day but our university is lagging behind so we are stuck with the exam.
No discrimination against fields of endeavor: you can use the source code in any business as deemed possible
Question: what if you use it for illegal purpose? who will be responsible?
Copyright law: automatically recognized.
You can also claim it outright with CC - No attribution - No Derivative
Are you protected in Singapore? - Yes, specified in Copyright Act.
Open source licenses
- 99.9& are the same, but due to legal issues we have a long list
-General Public License (GPL): A gives B a piece of software. B modifies the software can keep it to himself (B may inform A but not necessary). But the moment B gives it to C, he has to reveal the whole software he inherits from A plus his modification. B can charge C. B can put the source code on a will. BUT nobody can change the GPL code except the original author. It will be there forever.
Forking the code.
-Question: if A incorporate B's modification into his original GPL, who does the source code belong to?
-Slightly modified version of GPL: BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution - Advertisement license): B does not have to show C the modifications B has made. B still has to tell C where it comes from (A). BUT all good ideas are lost along the way of sharing.
January 18, 2010
Meeting 2 (Originally: "Some interesting questions from Meetings")
I decide to switch this piece into "Meeting 2", because I want to blog what I did in each class, and also certain questions of mine (thought of after class), but not considering them as "interesting".
Interesting questions:
1. Create a software version of Ticker tape, virtual reader as well ! (from Harish)
2. Where can we buy Ticker Tape? (from maxaevi_)
Lecture Outline: http://cpe802.pbworks.com/MeetingOne
Lecture Slide: http://cpe802.pbwiki.com/f/cpe802-mtg1.pdf
Here are my question(s):
1. How do I blog using open source software?
2. How do we ensure the security of trading systems that use OSS?
(to be updated)
Hi CPE802 Class!
I join this course because it is related to computers, what I use everyday.
The Professor described what it is like to work in an open source environment: "total chaos"! That's interesting though, because I think it is the right environment for creativity and crazy ideas!
I realize that I have been using a few pieces of OSS myself, namely:
-Firefox, Chrome
-VLC, Foobar2000
I am equally satisfied with them as with CSS (is it the opposite for OSS: Close Source Software???)...I think it would be even more interesting if I can take part in customizing these software, with modules and add-ons. I have been using those developed by others though.
I think the experience of using OSS is very different from that with a CSS one. For me it would be the freedom to change the way the software works to suit your liking and habits!
I hope what I learn from this class will enable me to have an overview of OSS itself: how people go around initiating and improving it and its application in daily life.
I am not sure if there is any OSS I have been using for my own academic work, since all the software I need like EViews and Stata have to be paid for (by the school, of course!). Maybe I would write some entry on explaining why OSS is not (yet) popular with us, economics students.
Ngo Dieu Thuy Trang
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